AOI (Tsis Siv Neeg Optical Inspection), raws li lub npe qhia, yog ib txoj hauv kev ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas tsis siv neeg ua tiav los ntawm cov duab kho qhov muag. Nws kuj yog ib qho ntawm ntau yam tsis siv neeg cov duab sensing thiab nrhiav technologies. Qhov tseeb thiab siab -kev kho qhov muag pom kev zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm yog nws cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb.
Keeb kwm thiab qhov zoo ntawm AOI Kev Txhim Kho
Kev txhim kho ntawm AOI tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tshuab yog los ntawm kev xav tau kev sib koom ua ke ntau dua thiab kev ua tiav ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev tshuaj xyuas sai dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov tsis xws luag.
Nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog txuag cov neeg ua haujlwm, txo cov nqi, txhim kho kev tsim khoom, kev soj ntsuam cov qauv, thiab tshem tawm tib neeg kev ua yuam kev. Qhov no ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg, rov ua dua, thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tshuaj xyuas, tso cai rau kev tshawb pom cov khoom tsis raug raws sijhawm thiab ua kom cov khoom xa tuaj zoo.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm AOI Inspection
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm AOI tshuaj xyuas yog siv lub koob yees duab thev naus laus zis los tso tawm qhov pom kev siv lub teeb ntawm cov khoom hauv kev tshuaj xyuas raws li qhov muaj nuj nqis greyscale. Tus nqi no ces muab piv nrog tus nqi greyscale ntawm tus qauv duab los txheeb xyuas, txiav txim siab, thiab faib cov teeb meem.
Siv ib qho piv txwv nrog kev tshuaj xyuas phau ntawv, qhov zoo tib yam LED lossis lub teeb tshwj xeeb siv hauv AOI yog sib npaug rau lub teeb ntuj siv hauv kev tshuaj xyuas phau ntawv. Lub optical sensor thiab optical lens siv nyob rau hauv AOI yog sib npaug rau tib neeg lub qhov muag, thiab cov duab ua thiab tsom xam system ntawm AOI yog sib npaug rau tib neeg lub hlwb -ob theem ntawm "pom" thiab "kev txiav txim."
AOI Equipment Composition
Kev soj ntsuam ua haujlwm ntawm AOI tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub theem: kev nrhiav tau duab (optical scanning thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv), kev ua cov ntaub ntawv (cov ntaub ntawv faib tawm thiab hloov dua siab tshiab), kev tsom xam duab (feature extraction thiab template matching), thiab kev qhia tsis raug (qhov loj me thiab hom kev faib tawm, thiab lwm yam).
Txhawm rau txhawb nqa thiab ua raws li plaub txoj haujlwm ntawm AOI tshuaj xyuas, cov cuab yeej kho vajtse ntawm AOI cov cuab yeej suav nrog plaub ntu: lub platform ua haujlwm, cov duab kos duab, cov duab ua haujlwm, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv automated integrating mechanics, automation, optics, thiab software.
Image Acquisition Stage
AOI daim duab tau txais qhov system feem ntau suav nrog peb ntu: photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab kev yees duab, lub teeb pom kev zoo, thiab kev tswj hwm.
Vim tias cov duab ntes tau siv rau kev sib piv nrog cov qauv, qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv duab tau txais yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev soj ntsuam cov txiaj ntsig. Xav txog yog tias lub cuab yeej nrhiav tau cov duab tsis tuaj yeem pom lossis pom cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv kev tshuaj xyuas, ces qhov tseeb nrhiav tsis tau.
Photoelectric Conversion Photography System
Lub photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab kev yees duab yog hais txog cov khoom siv photodiode thiab nws cov duab nrog. Cov "qhov muag" uas tau txais cov duab, ob qho tib si raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm photodiodes tau txais lub teeb pom kev los ntawm cov khoom raug kuaj pom, hloov lub teeb lub zog rau hauv hluav taws xob. Qhov kev hloov pauv no yog sau los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv photoelectric sensor thiab xa mus rau cov teeb liab analog voltage.
Qhov loj ntawm cov analog voltage generated txawv nyob ntawm seb qhov siv ntawm lub teeb absorbed. Cov nqi tso zis ntau zaus analog voltage yog hloov mus rau digital grayscale qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 0 mus rau 255. Tus nqi greyscale qhia txog kev siv lub teeb pom kev los ntawm cov khoom, yog li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom sib txawv raug kuaj pom.
Photoelectric converters tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: CCD (Chaw them-Cov khoom sib txuas) thiab CMOS (Complementary Hlau-Oxide Semiconductor).
Vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab tsim qauv, cov qauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm CCD thiab CMOS sensors feem ntau txawv ntawm txoj kev them nyiaj digital.
CCD siv silicon -raws li semiconductor processing technology thiab muaj ntsug thiab kab rov tav hloov pauv. Cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm cov electrodes thawb cov nqi sib txuas rau hauv nruab nrab analog - rau - digital converter. Cov qauv no thiab cov qauv tsim ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev sib koom ua ke ntau cov photosensitive units, ua rau cov nqi tsim khoom siab thiab kev siv hluav taws xob siab.
CMOS, ntawm qhov tod tes, siv inorganic semiconductor ua tshuab. Txhua pixel muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntxiv, thiab txhua lub pixel tuaj yeem hais txog tus kheej, tshem tawm qhov xav tau ntawm tus nqi hloov pauv tsim nyob hauv CCDs. Nws cov duab cov ntaub ntawv nyeem ceev yog siab dua li ntawm CCD chips, thiab qhov zaus ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo tshwm sim los ntawm overexposure xws li tawg thiab smearing yog qis dua. Nws kuj muaj tus nqi qis thiab kev siv hluav taws xob piv rau CCD photoelectric converters. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo. Raws li cov txheej txheem semiconductor, cov pixel units muaj qhov tsis xws luag, ua rau qee qhov teeb meem rhiab heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov chaw ntxiv uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau hluav taws xob circuitry ntawm txhua pixel tsis yog siv los ua thaj chaw photosensitive.
Tsis tas li ntawd, thaj chaw photosensitive ntawm qhov chaw ntawm CMOS nti yog me dua li ntawm CCD nti. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no txo tus naj npawb ntawm photons ntawm cov ntaub ntawv duab uas tuaj yeem sau tau. Yog li, CMOS photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab cov ntsiab lus feem ntau yuav tsum tau siv nrog lub siab - siv lub teeb ci, thiab lawv kuj muaj suab nrov dua.
Txawm hais tias nws yog CCD lossis CMOS qauv, ib chav tsev photoelectric converter yog pixel. Ob peb photoelectric converters teem nyob rau hauv kab thiab txhua kab tsim ib tug matrix, uas ua rau cov duab sensor. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov duab sensor feem ntau yog ntsuas los ntawm kev daws teeb meem, qhov loj me lossis cheeb tsam, rhiab heev, teeb liab -rau- suab nrov piv, thiab lwm yam, ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem thiab qhov loj me yog qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Thaum cov duab sensor ntes cov duab ntawm cov khoom kuaj pom, qhov me me thiab siab dua pixel ntom ntawm photoelectric converter tso cai rau cov khoom "pom" kom nthuav dav dua.
Yog li ntawd, theoretically, ntau pixels lub photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab ntaus ntawv muaj, qhov zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, nce tus naj npawb ntawm pixels nce cov nqi tsim khoom thiab ua rau txo qis ntawm cov txiaj ntsig. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm kev sib txuas lub lens kho qhov muag nrog cov cuab yeej hloov pauv photoelectric, cov khoom me me tuaj yeem ua kom pom tseeb thiab ua duab rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv, ua tiav siab - kev daws teeb meem. Yog li, qhov tseeb AOI (Automated Optical Inspection) cov cuab yeej tau teeb tsa raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau.